EV Supply Chain > EV Charging Performance
EV Charging Performance Data
Charging performance is more than a peak kilowatt number. Two EVs can both advertise high peak DC fast charging rates, yet deliver very different real-world road trip performance due to charge curve behavior, thermal limits, and cold battery conditions.
This database summarizes charging performance across major EV models using a small set of metrics designed to reflect real-world behavior. Values are intended for comparison and planning, not as guaranteed results on every charger.
Charging speed varies with battery state of charge, battery temperature, charger capability, pack size, and software updates. Where possible, values reflect typical fast-charging sessions under normal conditions on appropriately capable DC stations.
EV Charging Performance Data (45 Models)
The table below summarizes battery charging performance across 45 major EV models
| EV Make+Model | 1 Yr Depreciation | 3 Yr Depreciation | 5 Yr Depreciation | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Audi e-tron GT | $21 | $43 | $59 | Mass-market luxury segment |
| Audi Q6 e-tron SUV | $25 | $50 | $65 | Older design affects resale |
| BMW i4 | $20 | $42 | $58 | Performance EV retains interest |
| BMW iX | $23 | $47 | $62 | Luxury EV depreciation curve |
| BYD Atto 3 | $18 | $38 | $54 | Strong global demand |
| BYD Dolphin | $19 | $40 | $56 | Entry EV segment |
| BYD Seal | $17 | $36 | $52 | Competitive pricing stabilizes resale |
| Chevrolet Bolt EV | $20 | $42 | $58 | Price cuts affected resale values |
| Citroen e-C4 | $22 | $45 | $61 | Moderate demand segment |
| Cupra Born | $20 | $42 | $58 | Sport styling helps retention |
| Fiat 500e | $24 | $48 | $64 | Small niche EV segment |
| Ford Mustang Mach-E | $21 | $44 | $60 | Strong early demand stabilizing |
| Honda Prologue | $20 | $42 | $58 | New model uncertainty |
| Hyundai IONIQ 5 | $17 | $36 | $52 | High demand platform |
| Hyundai IONIQ 6 | $18 | $38 | $54 | Sedan segment slightly weaker |
| Hyundai Kona Electric | $20 | $42 | $60 | Older platform entering used market |
| Kia EV6 | $17 | $36 | $52 | Shares strong E-GMP resale |
| Kia Niro EV | $20 | $41 | $58 | Mainstream compact depreciation |
| Lucid Air | $26 | $52 | $68 | Low volume luxury volatility |
| Mazda MX-30 EV | $26 | $50 | $66 | Short range affects resale |
| Mercedes EQS | $27 | $52 | $68 | Luxury sedan depreciation steep |
| Mercedes-Benz EQE | $26 | $50 | $66 | Similar luxury curve |
| MG MG4 | $20 | $41 | $57 | Strong EU uptake |
| Mini Cooper SE | $22 | $45 | $60 | Urban niche limits demand |
| NIO ES6 | $20 | $42 | $58 | Battery swap perception mixed |
| NIO ET5 | $19 | $40 | $56 | Strong sedan demand |
| Nissan Leaf | $25 | $50 | $68 | Rapid early depreciation historically |
| Peugeot e-208 | $21 | $44 | $60 | Small EV resale curve |
| Polestar Polestar 2 | $22 | $45 | $61 | Brand still establishing resale |
| Porsche Taycan | $23 | $46 | $60 | Brand strength moderates depreciation |
| Rivian R1S | $23 | $46 | $61 | SUV demand helps resale |
| Rivian R1T | $24 | $48 | $63 | Early adopter market stabilizing |
| Skoda Enyaq | $19 | $40 | $56 | Strong EU sales |
| Subaru Solterra | $22 | $45 | $61 | Twin to bZ4X |
| Tesla Model 3 | $18 | $38 | $55 | High supply volume impacts resale |
| Tesla Model S | $22 | $45 | $60 | Luxury EV depreciation typical |
| Tesla Model X | $24 | $48 | $62 | Complex vehicle drives depreciation |
| Tesla Model Y | $16 | $35 | $50 | Strong demand keeps resale healthy |
| Toyota bZ4X | $22 | $45 | $61 | Early recall perception impacts resale |
| Volkswagen ID.3 | $22 | $45 | $62 | EU pricing pressure |
| Volkswagen ID.4 | $21 | $44 | $60 | High volume affects resale |
| Volvo EC40 | $21 | $42 | $59 | Similar to XC40 |
| Volvo EX40 | $20 | $41 | $58 | Compact luxury EV segment |
| XPeng G9 | $19 | $40 | $56 | SUV demand helps |
| XPeng P7 | $20 | $42 | $58 | Premium Chinese EV volatility |
- Typical Peak DC (kW) – a representative maximum charge power in normal thermal conditions
- Voltage Class – the vehicle’s charging architecture category (typically 400V, 800V, or higher)
- 10–80% Time (minutes) – a practical session time metric that captures curve behavior
- Curve Score (A–D) – a qualitative indicator of how well the vehicle holds power across the session
- Cold Sensitivity (%) – how much charging performance typically degrades when the battery is cold and not fully preconditioned
- Auto Preconditioning – whether the vehicle can automatically warm the battery when routing to a DC fast charger
How to Interpret Curve Score (A–D)
A - indicates excellent real-world fast charging. The vehicle holds high power through much of the session and delivers fast 10–80% times relative to its pack size.
B - indicates good fast charging. Power is strong but tapers earlier than top-tier vehicles.
C - indicates average fast charging. Peak power may be moderate and taper behavior can extend session times.
D - indicates slow fast charging. Peak power is low and/or taper is aggressive, making road-trip charging noticeably slower.
What “Cold Sensitivity” Means
Cold sensitivity captures the impact of low battery temperature on charging speed in scenarios where the battery is not fully warmed before plugging in. This is not simply “cold weather.” It is specifically about battery temperature at the start of the charging session.
Auto preconditioning can reduce cold sensitivity when it is available and used correctly (for example, by navigating to a DC fast charger long enough in advance). Cold sensitivity remains relevant for short trips to chargers, older EVs without robust thermal systems, and extreme winter conditions.
Why Voltage Class Matters
Higher voltage charging architectures (often 800V-class) can reduce current for the same power level, enabling higher charge rates and reduced cable heating. In practice, voltage class is strongly correlated with excellent road-trip charging performance, especially when paired with robust battery thermal management.
How to Use This Data
- Compare road-trip usability between models in the same segment
- Identify vehicles with strong winter fast-charging behavior
- Understand why “peak kW” alone is not a reliable measure
- Support fleet planning where charging throughput matters
For related ownership metrics, see the EV Battery Replacement Cost Database and the EV Depreciation Database.