Finding
BESS products have converged on LFP and on bigger blocks: grid units passed 5 MWh, and integration, not chemistry, now separates vendors
The world added 307 GWh of battery storage in 2025, 90% of it LFP (BloombergNEF). Large-format cells of 500 Ah and more (CATL's 587 Ah, EVE's 628 Ah) pushed a single grid unit from about 3.9 MWh (Megapack 2 XL) to 5-9 MWh, and BYD's HaoHan reaches 14.5 MWh. BYD, Tesla, Sungrow, CATL and Hithium lead the utility tier.
Residential storage is a mix of US brands - Tesla Powerwall, Enphase, FranklinWH, Generac - Europe's Sonnen and Solarwatt, Korea's LG and Qcells, and Chinese systems from BYD (Battery-Box), Huawei (LUNA2000), Sigenergy and EcoFlow. Portable power stations are almost entirely Chinese: EcoFlow, Anker SOLIX, Bluetti and Jackery. In the US, tariffs and foreign-entity rules on Chinese cells are reshaping utility procurement toward Korean and US-made LFP, including Tesla's own cell lines and LG Energy Solution's Michigan plant.
The four vendor lists below come from the ElectronsX BESS dataset, one row per product line. The US integrator field thinned in 2025: Powin filed for Chapter 11 in June and FlexGen bought its assets, while Fluence moved to US-made cells from AESC in Tennessee. The last table compares storage technologies beyond lithium-ion.
Utility
Grid and utility battery storage
Containerized systems of several MWh each, built into plants of hundreds of MWh for peak shaving, renewable firming, black start and wholesale markets. Power-conversion makers and non-lithium chemistries are listed with the integrators.
| Company | Product | Chemistry | Unit energy | Cells | HQ | Status |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| BYD | HaoHan | LFP | 14.5 MWh | BYD Blade, 2,710 Ah cell | China | active: Launched 2025; replaces the Energy Box line |
| BYD | MC Cube-T | LFP | BYD Blade | China | active | |
| Canadian Solar (e-Storage) | SolBank 3.0 | LFP | Canadian Solar | Canada | active: Factories in China; US plant in Shelbyville, Kentucky | |
| CATL | TENER | LFP | 6.25 MWh | CATL | China | active: Zero degradation claimed for the first five years |
| CATL | TENER Stack | LFP | 9 MWh | CATL | China | active: Launched 2025 |
| CRRC Zhuzhou Institute | Grid BESS | LFP | Multiple LFP suppliers | China | active | |
| Dynapower | MV Integrated PowerSkid (PCS) | Power conversion | Not applicable | US | active: Owned by Sensata | |
| Energy Vault | B-VAULT | LFP | Multiple LFP suppliers | Switzerland | active | |
| Energy Vault | G-VAULT (gravity) | Gravity | Not applicable | Switzerland | active: Gravity storage; one plant in Rudong, China | |
| Envision Energy | Grid-scale BESS with EnOS software | LFP | Envision and AESC | China | active: Integrator of the 4 GWh Chagan Hada station, Inner Mongolia | |
| Eos Energy | Z3 cube | Zinc (aqueous) | Eos | US | active | |
| EVE Energy | Mr. Big 628 Ah cell and grid containers | LFP | EVE Energy | China | active | |
| FlexGen | HybridOS software and BESS integration | LFP | Multiple LFP suppliers | US | active: Bought Powin's assets in 2025 | |
| Fluence | Gridstack Pro | LFP | AESC (Tennessee) and other suppliers | US | active: Siemens and AES are the main shareholders | |
| Fluence | Smartstack | LFP | AESC and other suppliers | US | active: Launched 2025; replaces Ultrastack for new orders | |
| Form Energy | Iron-air battery, 100-hour duration | Iron-air | Form Energy | US | active: Factory in Weirton, West Virginia | |
| GE Vernova | FLEXRESERVOIR storage | LFP | Multiple LFP suppliers | US | active | |
| Hitachi Energy | e-mesh PowerStore | LFP | Third-party LFP | Switzerland | active: Grid-forming converter; legacy ABB/Hitachi PCS row merged here | |
| Hithium | Infinity Power 6.25 MWh container | LFP | 6.25 MWh | Hithium | China | active |
| Huawei Digital Power | Smart String Grid-Forming ESS | LFP | Third-party LFP | China | active: Red Sea project, Saudi Arabia: 1.3 GWh off-grid | |
| Hyperstrong | HyperCube | LFP | Multiple LFP suppliers | China | active | |
| Intilion (Hoppecke) | scalecube | LFP | Multiple LFP suppliers | Germany | active | |
| Invinity Energy Systems | Vanadium flow battery | Vanadium flow | Invinity | UK | active | |
| LG Energy Solution | Utility DC blocks and integration (LG ES Vertech) | LFP | LG Energy Solution LFP, Holland, Michigan | South Korea | active: US-made LFP cells for storage from 2025 | |
| Lockheed Martin Energy | GridStar Flow | Flow (coordination chemistry) | Lockheed Martin | US | active | |
| Nidec ASI | Integrated BESS | LFP | Multiple LFP suppliers | Italy | active | |
| Prevalon Energy | Utility BESS integration | LFP | Multiple LFP suppliers | US | active: Mitsubishi Power joint venture | |
| Primus Power | EnergyPod 2 | Zinc-bromine flow | Primus Power | US | active | |
| Rongke Power | Vanadium flow battery systems | Vanadium flow | Rongke Power | China | active: Built the 200 MW / 800 MWh Dalian flow battery | |
| Saft (TotalEnergies) | Intensium Max+ | LFP | Saft | France | active | |
| Samsung SDI | SBB (Samsung Battery Box) | LFP and NCA | Samsung SDI | South Korea | active | |
| SMA Solar Technology | Sunny Central Storage (PCS) | Power conversion | Not applicable | Germany | active | |
| Sungrow | PowerTitan 2.0 | LFP | 5 MWh | CATL and other LFP suppliers | China | active: Used in the 7.8 GWh Saudi projects with Algihaz |
| Sungrow | PowerTitan 3.0 | LFP | 6.9 MWh | CATL and other LFP suppliers | China | active: AC block with built-in PCS |
| Sunwoda | Grid BESS | LFP | Sunwoda | China | active | |
| Tesla | Megablock | LFP | About 20 MWh | Tesla; LG Energy Solution | US | active: Four Megapack 3 units with MV transformer and switchgear on one skid |
| Tesla | Megapack 2 XL | LFP | 3.9 MWh | CATL; LG Energy Solution (Michigan); Tesla LFP lines in Nevada | US | active: Built in Lathrop, California |
| Tesla | Megapack 3 | LFP | About 5 MWh | Tesla; LG Energy Solution | US | active: Built in Brookshire, Texas from 2026 |
| Trina Storage | Elementa 2 | LFP | Trina | China | active | |
| Wärtsilä | Quantum3 with GEMS software | LFP | Multiple LFP suppliers | Finland | active: Strong in island and hybrid plants | |
| Kokam | Kokam BESS | NMC and LFP | Kokam | South Korea | exited: SolarEdge subsidiary; SolarEdge wound down its stationary storage unit | |
| Powin | Stack750 and Centipede | LFP | Multiple LFP suppliers | US | bankrupt: Chapter 11, June 2025; assets sold to FlexGen |
Commercial
Commercial and industrial battery storage
Behind-the-meter systems for factories, data centers, depots and ships, plus rental units that replace diesel gensets on remote sites.
| Company | Product | Chemistry | Unit energy | Cells | HQ | Status |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Aggreko | Rental BESS and hybrid power plants | LFP | Multiple LFP suppliers | UK | active: Rents storage with gensets to mines, events and construction sites | |
| Ampere Energy | Ampere One | LFP | Multiple LFP suppliers | Spain | active | |
| Corvus Energy | Maritime battery systems | NMC and LFP | Multiple suppliers | Norway | active | |
| Eaton | xStorage | LFP | Multiple LFP suppliers | Ireland | active | |
| EnerVenue | Energy Storage Vessels | Nickel-hydrogen | EnerVenue | US | active | |
| Honeywell | Ionic BESS with Forge energy software | LFP | Multiple LFP suppliers | US | active | |
| Ingeteam | Ingecon Sun Storage (PCS) | Power conversion | Not applicable | Spain | active | |
| Rolls-Royce Power Systems | mtu EnergyPack | LFP | CATL | Germany | active | |
| Schneider Electric | EcoStruxure BESS and Galaxy VL UPS with Li-ion | LFP | Multiple LFP suppliers | France | active | |
| Stem | Athena software (hardware-agnostic) | LFP | Multiple LFP suppliers | US | active: Moved from hardware resale to software and services in 2025 | |
| Vertiv | Vertiv BESS and UPS | LFP | Multiple LFP suppliers | US | active | |
| Viridi | Fire-safe commercial BESS | LFP | Multiple LFP suppliers | US | active: Formerly Viridi Parente |
Residential
Residential battery storage
Home batteries for backup, solar self-consumption and virtual power plants; most are LFP with integrated or paired inverters.
| Company | Product | Chemistry | Unit energy | Cells | HQ | Status |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Base Power | Home battery as a service | LFP | Multiple LFP suppliers | US | active: Austin, Texas; owns the batteries and uses them as a Texas grid resource | |
| BYD | Battery-Box Premium | LFP | BYD | China | active | |
| EcoFlow | DELTA Pro Ultra X | LFP | Multiple LFP suppliers | China | active | |
| Enphase Energy | IQ Battery 5P and 10C | LFP | 5 kWh and 10 kWh | Third-party LFP | US | active |
| FranklinWH | aPower 2 with aGate | LFP | 15 kWh | Multiple LFP suppliers | US | active |
| Generac | PWRcell | LFP | Multiple LFP suppliers | US | active | |
| GM Energy | PowerShift charger, PowerBank and vehicle-to-home | LFP | Multiple LFP suppliers | US | active | |
| Huawei Digital Power | LUNA2000 | LFP | Third-party LFP | China | active | |
| LG Energy Solution | Home 8 and Home 16 | LFP | LG Energy Solution | South Korea | active | |
| Panasonic | EVERVOLT | NMC | Panasonic | Japan | active | |
| Qcells (Hanwha) | Q.HOME CORE | LFP | Multiple LFP suppliers | South Korea | active | |
| Savant Power | Savant Storage | LFP | Multiple LFP suppliers | US | active | |
| Sigenergy | SigenStor | LFP | Third-party LFP | China | active | |
| SolarEdge | SolarEdge Home Battery | LFP | Multiple LFP suppliers | Israel | active | |
| Solarwatt | Battery flex | LFP | Multiple LFP suppliers | Germany | active | |
| Sonnen (Shell) | sonnenBatterie | LFP | Multiple LFP suppliers | Germany | active | |
| Tesla | Powerwall 3 | LFP | 13.5 kWh | Tesla | US | active: Built-in 11.5 kW solar inverter; Powerwall 3 Expansion adds 13.5 kWh units |
| Ford | Home Integration System with F-150 Lightning | NMC | F-150 Lightning pack | US | discontinued: F-150 Lightning discontinued | |
| Nissan Energy | xStorage Home (with Eaton) | Second-life Leaf cells | Nissan Leaf packs | Japan | discontinued | |
| Redflow | ZCell | Zinc-bromine flow | Redflow | Australia | closed: Entered administration in 2024 |
Portable
Portable battery power stations
From compact power stations to trailer-scale banks, replacing small diesel generators at job sites, events and off-grid sites.
| Company | Product | Chemistry | Unit energy | Cells | HQ | Status |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Anker SOLIX | C1000, F2000, F3800 | LFP | Multiple LFP suppliers | China | active | |
| Bluetti | AC200MAX, EP500 Pro | LFP | Multiple LFP suppliers | China | active | |
| BougeRV | Fort 1500, Fort 2000 | LFP | Multiple LFP suppliers | China | active | |
| Dabbsson | DBS2300, DBS3000 | LFP | Multiple LFP suppliers | China | active | |
| EcoFlow | DELTA Pro, DELTA 2, River 3 | LFP | Multiple LFP suppliers | China | active | |
| EGO Power+ (Chervon) | Nexus Power Station | Lithium-ion | Multiple suppliers | China | active | |
| Geneverse (Generark) | HomePower ONE and TWO | LFP | Multiple LFP suppliers | US | active | |
| Goal Zero | Yeti 1500X, Yeti 6000X, Haven | LFP | Multiple LFP suppliers | US | active | |
| Inergy | Flex, Kodiak | LFP | Multiple LFP suppliers | US | active | |
| Jackery | Explorer 2000 Plus, 3000 Pro | LFP | Multiple LFP suppliers | China | active | |
| Mango Power | Mango Power E and M | LFP | Multiple LFP suppliers | China | active | |
| Point Zero Energy | Titan | LFP | Multiple LFP suppliers | US | active | |
| Renogy | Lycan 5000, Phoenix 1000 | LFP | Multiple LFP suppliers | US | active | |
| Yoshino Power | B4000 | Solid-state lithium (claimed) | Not disclosed | US | active: Solid-state claim not independently confirmed |
Technologies
Storage technologies compared
Energy density is gravimetric (Wh per kg) and approximate; for pumped hydro and gravity it depends on height.
| Technology | Energy density (Wh/kg) | Discharge duration | Typical use | Examples |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Lithium-ion, LFP | ~160-205 (cell) | 1-8 h | Utility, commercial and home BESS; EVs | CATL, BYD, EVE, Hithium, LG Energy Solution |
| Lithium-ion, NMC | ~240-300 (cell) | 1-4 h | EVs; fading from stationary | LG Energy Solution, Samsung SDI, CATL |
| Sodium-ion | ~100-175 | 1-4 h | Low-cost and cold-climate stationary storage | CATL, BYD, HiNa |
| Solid-state lithium | ~250-400 (targets) | n/a | Future EVs and aerospace; pilot lines | QuantumScape, Toyota, CATL, WeLion |
| Lead-acid | ~30-50 | Minutes to hours | UPS, legacy backup | Clarios, EnerSys, Tianneng |
| Vanadium flow | ~15-25 | 4-12 h | Long-duration grid storage, high cycle life | Rongke Power, Invinity, Sumitomo Electric |
| Iron-air | Low | ~100 h | Multi-day grid storage | Form Energy |
| Pumped hydro | ~0.3-1.5 | 6-24 h | Bulk grid storage; largest installed base | State Grid Xinyuan, Voith, Andritz |
| Compressed air (CAES) | ~2-6 | 8-24 h | Bulk storage in caverns or tanks | Hydrostor; Chinese Academy of Sciences projects |
| Gravity | ~0.1-0.5 | Hours | Pilots in towers and shafts | Energy Vault |
| Thermal storage | ~30-150 (heat) | Hours to days | Industrial heat, molten-salt CSP | Rondo, Antora, Kraftblock |
| Hydrogen | ~1,500-2,000 (700 bar tank system) | Days to seasons | Seasonal storage; round trip only ~30-40% | Electrolyzer and fuel cell makers |
| Flywheel | ~5-30 | Seconds to minutes | Frequency regulation, UPS | Beacon Power |
| Supercapacitors | ~1-10 | Seconds | Power smoothing, ride-through | Skeleton, CRRC |
Sources
Sources and scope
- Scope
- BESS Products
- Sources
- ElectronsX BESS dataset; BloombergNEF (2026); manufacturer specifications
- Updated
- October 2026