Asia-Pacific

Korea · Japan · India · ASEAN

Korea and Japan supply the main non-Chinese battery cells, Australia the lithium ore and rare earths. Southeast Asia's EV plants and nickel refineries are largely Chinese-built.

Stack of seven Asia-Pacific countries outside China and what each supplies. South Korea: LG Energy Solution, Samsung SDI and SK On cells, plus Hyundai and Kia. Japan: Panasonic, Toyota and AESC, plus motors, reducers and chips. Indonesia: nickel processed by Tsingshan and Huayou high-pressure acid leach plants, with CATL and Hyundai joint ventures. Thailand: BYD, GWM, Changan and GAC Aion assembly. India: Tata, Mahindra and Maruti, with PLI-backed cell plants. Australia: lithium ore and Lynas rare earths. Taiwan: Foxconn, Foxtron, ProLogium and chips. Indonesia and Thailand are shown in red because their capacity was largely built by Chinese companies. ASIA-PACIFIC OUTSIDE CHINA: WHAT EACH COUNTRY SUPPLIES South KoreaLGES, Samsung SDI, SK On cells; Hyundai, Kia JapanPanasonic, Toyota, AESC; motors, reducers, chips Indonesianickel: Tsingshan, Huayou HPAL; CATL and Hyundai JVs ThailandBYD, GWM, Changan, GAC Aion assembly IndiaTata, Mahindra, Maruti; PLI cell plants Australialithium ore, Lynas rare earths TaiwanFoxconn, Foxtron, ProLogium; chips Red rows: capacity largely built by Chinese companies.
Korean cell makers
3
Indonesia share of mined nickel
~60%
Thailand EV hub
BYD Rayong
Hub
OEMs

Finding

Outside China, Asia-Pacific supplies the non-Chinese alternatives - Korean and Japanese cells, Australian lithium and rare earths - while Southeast Asia's EV assembly and nickel processing were built mostly by Chinese firms

LG Energy Solution, Samsung SDI, SK On and Panasonic are the largest cell makers outside China. Indonesia mines about 60% of the world's nickel, mostly processed in Chinese-built smelters and HPAL plants at Morowali and Weda Bay. Thailand's EV plants belong to BYD, GWM, Changan, GAC Aion and SAIC MG.

India is the large market still forming: Tata Motors and Mahindra lead its EV sales, Maruti Suzuki builds the e Vitara in Gujarat for export, VinFast opened a plant in Thoothukudi in 2025, and Tata's Agratas, Ola Electric and Reliance are building cell plants under the PLI scheme. Japan's automakers moved slowly on BEVs, but Panasonic, Toyota and the reducer, motor and power-chip makers (Nidec, Harmonic Drive, Rohm, Mitsubishi Electric) are core suppliers worldwide.

China is covered on its own page. Taiwan sits here: Foxconn's Foxtron builds EVs for itself and contract customers, and ProLogium develops solid-state cells for a planned plant in Dunkirk, France.

Directory

Major Asia-Pacific manufacturers (A-Z)

Asia-Pacific electrification manufacturers
ManufacturerCountrySectorStatusNote
AESCJapanCellsOperatingOwned by China's Envision; plants in Japan, China, the UK, France and the US
BYD ThailandThailandEVsOperatingBYD Rayong plant, its first in Southeast Asia
Foxtron (Foxconn)TaiwanEVsOperatingModel C and contract EV programs
Great Wall MotorThailandEVsOperatingRayong plant; Ora EVs
HLI Green PowerIndonesiaCellsOperatingHyundai and LG Energy Solution joint venture at Karawang
Hyundai Motor Group Innovation CenterSingaporeSmart factoryOperatingRobotized cell-based EV production pilot
Indonesia Battery CorporationIndonesiaBattery chainBuildingState platform; nickel-to-cell JV with CATL
Lynas Rare EarthsAustraliaRare earthsOperatingLargest separated rare earth producer outside China; Mount Weld, Kalgoorlie, Malaysia
MahindraIndiaEVsOperatingBE 6 and XEV 9e on the INGLO platform
Maruti SuzukiIndiaEVsOperatinge Vitara built in Gujarat for export, including Japan and Europe
Ola ElectricIndiaTwo-wheelers, cellsOperatingKrishnagiri scooter plant and 4680-format cell line
Panasonic EnergyJapanCellsOperatingPanasonic Wakayama (4680 format) and Suminoe
Pilbara MineralsAustraliaLithiumOperatingPilgangoora spodumene; largely sold to Chinese converters
POSCO Future MSouth KoreaCathode, anodeOperatingGwangyang and Pohang
ProtonMalaysiaEVsOperatingGeely owns 49.9%; e.MAS EVs assembled at Tanjung Malim
Samsung SDISouth KoreaCellsOperatingPrismatic and cylindrical cells; US plants with Stellantis and GM
SK OnSouth KoreaCellsOperatingPouch cells; plants in Korea, the US, Hungary and China
Tata MotorsIndiaEVsOperatingNexon EV, Punch EV, Harrier EV; Agratas cell plant in Sanand
ToyotaJapanEVs, cellsOperatingbZ models; Prime Planet Energy cells; US cells from Liberty
Tsingshan and HuayouIndonesiaNickelOperatingChinese-owned smelters and HPAL plants at Morowali and Weda Bay
VinFastVietnamEVsOperatingHai Phong; Thoothukudi, India since 2025

Policy

National programs and trade frameworks

Asia-Pacific electrification policy
ProgramCountryEffect
RCEP15 countriesTariff cuts and cumulation of origin across ASEAN, China, Japan, Korea, Australia and New Zealand
PM E-DRIVE and PLI schemesIndiaDemand subsidies (successor to FAME II) and production incentives for cells and EVs
Nickel ore export banIndonesiaForces processing onshore; drew Chinese smelter investment
EV 3.5 incentivesThailandSubsidies tied to local production commitments
Battery industry supportJapan, KoreaMETI cell subsidies; Korean policy finance for cell makers' overseas plants
Critical Minerals StrategyAustraliaProduction tax credit for processing from 2027-28; strategic reserve

Sources

Sources and scope

Scope
Asia-Pacific
Sources
USGS Mineral Commodity Summaries (2026); SNE Research; company disclosures
Updated
October 2026