Finding
Tesla delivered 1.64 million vehicles in 2025, its second annual decline, while its storage deployments grew to a record 46.7 GWh
Model 3 and Model Y account for nearly all vehicle volume. Tesla ended Model S and Model X production at Fremont in the second quarter of 2026 and is reallocating that space to Optimus, while the two-seat Cybercab and the Semi start volume production in Texas and Nevada.
Tesla owns more of its stack than any other Western OEM: in-house drive units, power electronics, FSD computers and software, its own Supercharger network, cathode and lithium refining in Texas, and 4680 cells built with a dry cathode process. Cells are still mostly bought: Panasonic, LG Energy Solution and CATL supply the bulk of vehicle and storage cells.
The energy business is the fastest-growing segment. Megapack is built at Lathrop, California, and the Shanghai Megafactory, and Megapack 3 and Megablock move to a new plant in Brookshire, near Houston. Autonomy rides on the same in-house AI stack: a driverless robotaxi service in Austin, the Cybercab built on the unboxed process at Giga Texas, and Optimus humanoid robots.
Plants
Plants and factories
Giga Texas is the headquarters plant. Capacity figures are company-stated.
| Plant | Location | Products | Status |
|---|---|---|---|
| Giga Texas | Austin, Texas (AustinIO profile) | Model Y, Cybertruck, Cybercab; 4680 cells; cathode; Cortex AI training cluster | Operating; Cybercab ramping |
| Fremont Factory | Fremont, California | Model 3, Model Y; 4680 line at Kato Road; Optimus pilot line | Operating; Model S and X ended 2026 |
| Giga Nevada | Sparks, Nevada | Panasonic 2170 cells, packs, drive units; Semi factory; LFP cell line | Operating; Semi ramping |
| Giga New York | Buffalo, New York | Supercharger hardware, solar products | Operating |
| Lathrop Megafactory | Lathrop, California | Megapack | Operating, 40 GWh a year |
| Houston Megafactory | Brookshire, Texas (AustinIO) | Megapack 3, Megablock | Ramping in 2026 |
| Tesla lithium refinery | Robstown, Texas (AustinIO) | Battery-grade lithium hydroxide from spodumene | Commissioning |
| Giga Berlin-Brandenburg | Grunheide, Germany | Model Y; packs | Operating |
| Giga Shanghai | Shanghai, China | Model 3, Model Y, Model Y L; export hub for Asia and Europe | Operating; largest Tesla vehicle plant |
| Shanghai Megafactory | Shanghai, China | Megapack | Operating since February 2025, 40 GWh a year |
| Giga Mexico | Santa Catarina, Nuevo Leon, Mexico | Planned next-generation vehicles | On hold |
Battery
Battery cells and lines
Tesla designs packs in-house and makes 4680 cells, but buys most cells. See the Panasonic, LG Energy Solution and CATL platform indexes, and lithium refining.
| Cell or asset | Chemistry and format | Source | Use |
|---|---|---|---|
| 4680 | NMC, large cylindrical, dry-process cathode | Tesla, Giga Texas and Kato Road | Cybertruck, some Model Y |
| 2170 (Nevada) | NCA, cylindrical | Panasonic, Giga Nevada | Model 3, Model Y |
| 2170 (Kansas) | NCA, cylindrical | Panasonic, De Soto, Kansas | US vehicles |
| 2170 (China) | NCM, cylindrical | LG Energy Solution, Nanjing | Shanghai-built Model 3 and Y |
| LFP prismatic | LFP | CATL, China | Standard Range cars, Megapack |
| LFP prismatic (US) | LFP | LG Energy Solution, Michigan; Tesla Nevada line on CATL equipment | Megapack, Powerwall |
| Cathode plant | Nickel-based cathode active material | Tesla, Austin | 4680 cells |
| Lithium refinery | Lithium hydroxide | Tesla, Robstown, Texas | Cathode feed |
Platforms
Vehicle platforms
Platform details are on Tesla EV Platforms.
| Platform | Vehicles | Key traits |
|---|---|---|
| Model 3 and Y platform | Model 3, Model Y | Gigacast front and rear underbodies (Model Y), structural pack, 400 V |
| Cybertruck platform | Cybertruck | Stainless exoskeleton, 800 V, 48 V low-voltage system, steer-by-wire |
| Semi | Semi | Three-motor Class 8 tractor, megawatt charging (MCS-class Megacharger) |
| Unboxed platform | Cybercab | Subassemblies built in parallel and joined late; no steering wheel or pedals |
Models
EV models
Current production. Model S and Model X ended in 2026.
| Model | Segment | Platform |
|---|---|---|
| Model 3 | Midsize sedan | Model 3 and Y |
| Model Y | Midsize SUV (Model Y L three-row in China) | Model 3 and Y |
| Cybertruck | Full-size pickup | Cybertruck |
| Semi | Class 8 tractor | Semi |
| Cybercab | Two-seat robotaxi | Unboxed |
| Model list will be fed from the EV models dataset | ||
Beyond cars
Robots, autonomy and energy
See Tesla's autonomy framework and Terafab silicon strategy.
| Program | What it is | Status |
|---|---|---|
| Robotaxi | Ride-hailing on Model Y and Cybercab; see Robotaxi Fleets | Driverless in Austin; safety drivers in the Bay Area and other cities |
| FSD (Supervised) | Camera-only end-to-end driving software on HW4; AI5 computer next | Sold and subscribed; Level 2 outside robotaxi zones |
| Optimus | Humanoid robot; see Humanoid Robots | Optimus V3 pilot production at Fremont; Giga Texas line planned |
| Megapack and Megablock | Utility-scale LFP storage; see BESS systems | Record 46.7 GWh deployed in 2025 |
| Powerwall | Home battery and virtual power plant node | Shipping; aggregated through Autobidder |
| Autobidder | Trading and dispatch software for storage fleets; see Autobidder | Operating |
| Supercharger | Largest DC fast-charging network; NACS (SAE J3400) connector | Opened to Ford, GM, Rivian and most other North American brands |
Partners
Suppliers and customers
| Partner | Role | Relationship |
|---|---|---|
| Panasonic Energy | Cylindrical cells | Nevada and Kansas 2170 plants |
| LG Energy Solution | Cylindrical and LFP cells | China 2170 supply; US LFP for storage |
| CATL | LFP cells and equipment license | Vehicle and Megapack cells; Nevada LFP line |
| Samsung Electronics | AI6 chips at its Taylor, Texas fab (AustinIO) | Multiyear foundry contract signed July 2025 |
| TSMC | AI5 vehicle and robot computer | Foundry partner alongside Samsung |
| NVIDIA | Training GPUs for the Cortex cluster | Supplier |
| IDRA | Giga Press die-casting machines | Supplier |
| Ford, GM, Rivian | Supercharger access and NACS adoption | Charging customers |
Sources
Sources and scope
- Scope
- Tesla
- Sources
- Tesla 10-K and quarterly delivery reports (2025-2026); Panasonic, LG Energy Solution, CATL and Samsung releases; AustinIO
- Updated
- October 2026